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Duncan Campbell (journalist)
Duncan Campbell (born 1952) is a British freelance investigative journalist, author and television producer. Since 1975 he has specialised in the subjects of intelligence and security services, defence, policing, civil liberties and, latterly, computer forensics. He was a staff writer at the ''New Statesman'' from 1978–91 and associate editor (Investigations) from 1988-91. He was prosecuted under the Official Secrets Act in the ABC trial in 1978 and made the controversial series ''Secret Society'' for the BBC in 1987 (see Zircon affair). In 1988, he revealed the existence of the ECHELON surveillance program.
==Early life==
Born in Glasgow in 1952, Campbell was brought up and educated in Dundee. His mother was a mathematician who worked at Bletchley Park under Alan Turing. As a pupil at the High School of Dundee, an independent school, he first trained in computer programming aged 16, taught computer languages and undertook programming in scientific computers languages. He gained three ‘S’ levels (the old Scottish equivalent to ‘A’ levels) in physics, chemistry and maths, and then an open scholarship to Brasenose College, Oxford, graduating in 1973 with First Class Honours degree in physics in 1973. The following year, Campbell completed a one-year MSc in operations research at the University of Sussex; the course included psychology, economics, accountancy and model building. He later told ''The Independent'' "It was extremely useful. It was not difficult to make the grades, though they'll hate me for saying so".〔''The Independent'', 7 August 1997〕
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